S-300P (SA-10 Grumble) Russian 8x8 Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System
S-300P
Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System
Other
Basic Information
Name
S-300P (SA-10 Grumble) Russian 8x8 Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System
Designation
S-300P
Alternate Designation
—
Equipment Type
Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System
Manufacturer
MZiK
Date of Introduction
1987
Description
The S-300P (SA-10 Grumble) Russian 8x8 Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System is the original version of the S-300 system which became operational in 1978. In 1987, over 80 of these sites were active, primarily located in the Moscow area. The P suffix stands for PVO-Strany (Country Air Defense System). An S-300PT unit consists of a 36D6 (NATO reporting name TIN SHIELD) surveillance radar, a 30N6 (FLAP LID) fire control system, and 5P85-1 launch vehicles. The 5P85-1 vehicle is a semi-trailer truck. Usually, a 76N6 (CLAMSHELL) low-altitude detection radar is also a part of the unit. This system broke substantial new ground, including the use of a passive electronically scanned array radar and multiple engagements on the same Fire-control system (FCS). Nevertheless, it had some limitations. It took over one hour to set up this semi-mobile system for firing and the hot vertical launch method employed scorched the TEL. 9S32 engagement radar It was initially intended to fit the Track Via Missile (TVM) guidance system onto this model. However, the TVM system had problems tracking targets below 500 m. Rather than accept the limitation, the Soviets decided that the tracking of low-altitude targets was a must and decided to use a pure command-guidance system until the TVM head was ready. This allowed the minimum engagement altitude to be set at 25 m.
Ground Specifications
Crew
6
Mobility Type
Wheeled (8x8)
Main Weapon
Surface-to-Air Missile System
Variants
S-300P
The S-300P (transliterated from Russian С-300П, NATO reporting name SA-10 Grumble) is the original version of the S-300 system which became operational in 1978.[1] In 1987, over 80 of these sites were active, mainly in the area around Moscow. The P suffix stand for PVO-Strany (country air defence system). An S-300PT unit consists of a 36D6 (NATO reporting name TIN SHIELD) surveillance radar, a 30N6 (FLAP LID) fire control system and 5P85-1 launch vehicles. The 5P85-1 vehicle is a semi-trailer truck. Usually a 76N6 (CLAM SHELL) low altitude detection radar is also a part of the unit.
S-300PS
was introduced in 1985 and is the only version thought to have been fitted with a nuclear warhead. This model saw the introduction of the modern TEL and mobile radar and command-post vehicles that were all based on the MAZ-7910 8 × 8 truck.[1] This model also featured the new 5V55R missiles which increased maximum engagement range to 90 km (56 mi) and introduced a terminal semi-active radar homing (SARH) guidance mode. The surveillance radar of these systems was designated 30N6. Also introduced with this version was the distinction between self-propelled and towed TELs. The towed TEL is designated 5P85T. Mobile TELs were the 5P85S and 5P85D. The 5P85D was a "slave" TEL, being controlled by a 5P85S "master" TEL. The "master" TEL is identifiable thanks to the large equipment container behind the cabin; in the "slave" TEL this area is not enclosed and is used for cable or spare tyre storage.
S-300PMU
The third generation of the S-300P system was the S-300PMU (U for Usovershenstvovanniy, meaning finalised). The S-300PMU programme was intended to provide an enhanced mobility version of the system to replace obsolete PVO missile systems with the forward-deployed groups of forces in Europe.
S-300PM
The S-300PM (M for Modernizovanniy, meaning modernised) underwent an extensive modernisation package with design changes to almost all the key components of the earlier S-300P variants. Essentially the advancements were based on the S-300PS and S-300PMU (described after the S-300PM here), but it also incorporated improvements in the missile round design and upgrades in the radar system.
S-300PMU-1
The S-300PMU-1 is an export version of S-300PM. It differs from the earlier S-300PMU in using the 30N6E1 ‘Tomb Stone’, having updated technology in all major systems and a significant update of the software used in its fire control systems. The S-300PMU-1 system has a capability to intercept ballistic missiles with ranges of 600 km, with the intercepts taking place at ranges up to 40 km from the launcher.
S-300PMU-2
The S-300PMU-2 is the most advanced S-300P system and evolved from major technology upgrades to the S-300PM and S-300PMU-1. The system also incorporated technology migration from the concurrent development of the more advanced S-400 (40RCE) system, enabling easy integration of the S-300PMU-2 into the newer technology and networked framework of the S-400 systems.
Favorit-S
INA
System
Alternative Designations
S-300P; NATO: SA-10 Grumble
Type
Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System
Manufacturer
MZiK
Target
FW, heli, TBM, CM, ASM, UAV
Chassis
MAZ-7910 8 x 8 Truck
Crew
6 ea
Primary Components per Battery
1 5P85S cmd TEL. 1 5P85D slaveTEL. 1 5P85 trailer launcher. 1 30N6 radar/fire control vehicle A 5P85SU launcher has a command shelter behind the cab. A 5P58DU TEL does not.
Dimensions (Chassis: MAZ-7910 8 x 8 Truck)
Length
9.40 m
Width
3.10 m
Height
3.70 m
Weight
20,000 kg
Automotive (Chassis: MAZ-7910 8 x 8 Truck)
Engine Name
D12A-525
Engine Type
V-12 water-cooled diesel
Engine Power
525 hp at 2,100 rpm
Power-to-Weight Ratio
26.25 hp/metric ton
Fuel Capacity
INA
Maximum Speed, Road
60 km/h
Maximum Speed, Off-Road
30 km/h
Maximum Range
800 km
Communications
VHF Radio
R-168 Akveduk
HF Radio
R-161 Poisk
Weapon System
Launcher System
Name
5P85-1 Launch Vehicle
Type
INA
Launcher Maximum Elevation
+90 deg
Launcher Minimum Elevation
INA
Max Targets Engaged
6 simultaneously
Max Missiles Guided
12 simultaneously
Set-ip Time
9 to 11 seconds
Close-down Time
5 min
Rate of Fire
1/3-5 sec
Armament
4 x 5V55R SAMs per launcher
Missile
Name
5V55R
Type
Radar Guided Missile
Length
7 m
Diameter
450mm
Weight
1,450 kg
Warhead Weight
100 kg
Maximum Target Speed
1,150 m/s
Maximum Velocity
1,900 m/s
Operational Range
47 km - 75 km
Note #1
The S-300P can fire the following list of missiles: 5V55K; 5V55R; 5V55V; 5V55KD; 5V55U
Note #2
missile has active radar w/terminal homing system that can engage up to 6 targets at once
Fire Control
Note
The original S-300P utilises a combination of the 5N66M continuous-wave radar Doppler radar for target acquisition and the 30N6 FLAP LID A I/J-band phased array digitally steered tracking and engagement radar. Both are mounted on trailers.
Radar #1
Name
30N6 FLAP LID
Type
Engagement Radar
Antenna
2.75 sq m
Band
I-J (8-20 GHz)
Interception Range
90 km
Minimum Interception Altitude
25 m
Maximum Target Velocity
4,200 kmh
Target Elevation Coverage
0-50 degrees
Screening angle
100 degrees
Mount
The 30N6 FLAP LID A is mounted on a small trailer
Note
The 36D6 TIN SHIELD radar can also be used to augment the S-300 system to provide earlier target detection than the FLAP LID radar allows. It can detect a missile-sized target flying at an altitude of 60 metres (200 ft) at least 20 km (12 mi) away, at an altitude of 100 m (330 ft) at least 30 km (19 mi) away, and at high altitude up to 175 km (109 mi) away. In addition a 64N6 BIG BIRD E/F band target acquisition radar can be used which has a maximum detection range of 300 km (190 mi).
Radar #2
Name
76N6 Clam Shell
Type
Acquisition Radar
Mount
the 76N6 CLAM SHELL (5N66M etc.) is mounted on a large trailer with a mast which is between 24 and 39 m (79 and 128 ft) tall. Usually is used with a mast.
Band
I (8-10 GHz)
Power
1.4 kW continuous wave
Turn-on Time
3 min
Setup Time (40V6M mast)
1 hour
Detection Range, Target Flying at 500 meters
90 km
Detection Range, Target Flying at 1,000 meters
120 km
Target Tracking
up to 180
Target Resolution Azimuth
1 deg
Target Resolution Range
1.9 km
Target Resolution Velocity
8.7 kmh
Minimum detectable Radar Cross-Section (RCS)
0.02 sq m
Maximum Target Speed
Mach 2.1
Average Power
1.4 kW
Peak Power
55.0 kW
Mean Time Between Failures
100 hours
Radar #3
Name
64N6 (Big Bird) Surveillance Radar
Type
Designation Radar
Mount
The 64N6 BIG BIRD is mounted on a large trailer along with a generator and typically towed with the now familiar 8-wheeled truck
Crew
6 ea
Weight
60,000 kg
Band
2 GHz
Coverage Azimuth
360 deg or 180 deg
Elevation Detection Mode
13.4 deg
Elevation Tracking Mode
28 deg
Ballistic Target Detection Sector Azimuth
60 deg
Ballistic Target Detection Sector Elevation
0-55 deg; or 20-75 deg
64N6E2
0-75 deg
Detection Range (Mig-21 Type Target)
260 km
Detection Range, Ballistic Target
127 km
Accuracy Range
150 m
Accuracy Azimuth
0.5 deg
Accuracy Elevation
0.5 deg
Scan Rate
12 sec
Tracking
200 targets simultaneously
Emplacement Time
5 min
Displacement Time
INA
Protection
Note
INA. There is very little information about the protection capabilities of the SA-10.
Details
Country of Origin
Russia
Category
Radar Guided Missile Systems
Land > Air Defense > Radar Guided Missile Systems
Filter Label
S
Classification
Domain
Ground
Equipment Status
Active
Dimensions
Length
9.4 m
Width
3.1 m
Height
3.7 m
Weight
20000 kg
Operators (9)
Russia
China
Ukraine
Belarus
Armenia
Bulgaria
Croatia
Greece
Vietnam
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