Soyuz

The Soyuz Launch Vehicle evolved from Soviet R-7 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) becoming a reliable and affordable space access asset for the Soviet Union and lately for Russia and international customers. Since 1966 a wide range of Soyuz models have performed more than 1,680 missions. The Soyuz launched the first satellite and the first human into space. Currently, these vehicles are used to launch commercial and military satellites into space and for transportation of personnel and materiel to the International Space Station (ISS). The Soyuz propulsion system consists of three stages or four stages including the upper stage. The first stage comprises four liquid oxygen and kerosene RD-107A boosters assembled around the central core. The first stage burns for 118 seconds. The second stage is located at the central core of the launch vehicle and comprises one RD-108A rocket motor that burns for 290 seconds. The third stage uses one RD-0110 motor and burns for 240 seconds.

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