DShK 1938 Russian 12.7mm Heavy Machine Gun
DShKM, Degtyarev, DShK 38
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Basic Information
Name
DShK 1938 Russian 12.7mm Heavy Machine Gun
Designation
DShKM, Degtyarev, DShK 38
Alternate Designation
DShKM, Degtyarev, DShK 38
Equipment Type
—
Manufacturer
Tula Arms Plant
Date of Introduction
1938
Description
Houthi Proliferation. The DShK 1938 is a Soviet heavy machine gun with a V-shaped "butterfly" trigger, firing the 12.7×108mm cartridge. The weapon was also used as a heavy infantry machine gun, in which case it was frequently deployed with a two-wheeled mounting and a single-sheet armor-plate shield. It took its name from the weapons designers Vasily Degtyaryov, who designed the original weapon, and Georgi Shpagin, who improved the cartridge feed mechanism. It is sometimes nicknamed Dushka (a dear or beloved person) in Russian-speaking countries, from the abbreviation.
Ground Specifications
Mobility Type
Towed
Main Weapon
12.7mm Heavy Machine Gun
Variants
DShKT
Tank mounted
Chinese Type 54 Heavy Machinegun
Chinese unlicensed production. Also produced in Pakistan with a Chinese license.
Czech M54 Quad Mount
INA
System
Alternative Designation
DShKM, Degtyarev, DShK 38
Manufacturer
Tula
In Service
1946-Present
Action
Gas-operated, flapper locking
Rate of Fire
600 rounds/min
Muzzle Velocity
850 m/s
Effective Firing Range
2,000 m
Maximum Firing Range
2,500 m
Feed System
50 round belt
Dimensions
Length
1,625 mm
Barrel Length
1,070 mm
Weight, Gun Only
34 kg
Weight, On Wheeled Mounting
157 kg
Ammunition
Type
Ball
API (B-32)
API-T (BZT-44)
HEI
Combat Load
750 ea
B-32
Caliber and Length
12.7x108-mm
Type
Armor Piercing Incendiary
Max Range (ground)
7,850 m
Effective Range
AA: 1,000
Ground: 2,000
Armor: 800
Night (w/1PN52-1):1,000 m
Armor Penetration @ 0o obliquity @ 500/1,000m range (mm)
20/13.2
Muzzle Velocity
860 m/s
Sights
NFI
Type
metallic leaf sights
Sight Range
2,000 m
Night Sights Available
Yes
Model 1943 Antiaircraft Sights
Type
Computing AA sight
Night Sights Available
Yes
Note
Many DShKs intended for the close anti-aircraft role were fitted with a simple mechanical sighting system that helped the gunner properly account for "lead" in order to hit fast-moving targets.
The system consisted of two circular disks mounted side-by-side in a common framework. On the right, in front of the gunner, was a large "spider" sight that contained a line of small metal rings running from the center to the outer edge. On the left, in front of the loader, was a smaller disk with several parallel metal wires. In some examples, the sight was installed with the loader's sight on the right.
To use the sight, the loader/observer would spin his disk so the wires were parallel to the target's direction of travel. A shaft running between the two turned the gunner's sight to the same angle. The gunner would then sight through one of the metal rings based on the estimated range and speed.
Image Sources
Details
Country of Origin
Russia
Category
Machine Guns
Land > Infantry Weapons > Machine Guns
Filter Label
D
Classification
Domain
Ground
Equipment Status
Active
Dimensions
Length
1.63 m
Width
—
Height
—
Weight
34 kg
Operators (81)
Russia
China
Israel
Ukraine
Poland
Turkey
Iran
North Korea
Pakistan
Czech Republic
Serbia
Belarus
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bangladesh
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
Congo, Republic of the
Côte d'Ivoire
Cuba
Cyprus
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
Georgia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Hungary
Indonesia
Iraq
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kosovo
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Liberia
Libya
Madagascar
Mali
Malta
Mongolia
Mozambique
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
North Macedonia
Palestine
Peru
Romania
Rwanda
Saudi Arabia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Slovakia
Somalia
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Tanzania
Togo
Turkmenistan
Uganda
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Non-State Actors
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