BM-14 Russian 140mm Multiple Launch Rocket System
BM-14
Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS)
Other
Basic Information
Name
BM-14 Russian 140mm Multiple Launch Rocket System
Designation
BM-14
Alternate Designation
BM-14; BM-14-16
Equipment Type
Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS)
Manufacturer
NII 303
Date of Introduction
1952
Description
The BM-14 (BM for Boyevaya Mashina, 'combat vehicle), is a Soviet-made 140mm multiple launch rocket system (MLRS), normally mounted on a truck. The BM-14 can fire 140 mm M-14 rockets with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead, a smoke warhead, or a chemical warhead. It is similar to the BM-13 "Katyusha" and was partly replaced in service by the 122 mm BM-21 Grad. Launchers were built in 16 and 17-round variants. The rockets have a maximum range of 9.8 kilometers (6.1 mi). The weapon is not accurate as there is no guidance system, but it is extremely effective in saturation fire.
Ground Specifications
Crew
6
Engine
6-Cylinder Gasoline (92 hp)
Active Protection
None
Max Speed
60.0 km/h
Range
600.0 km
Variants
BM-14M
improved version, mounted on a ZIL-157 chassis. In 1958 production of the ZIL-151 truck ceased in favor to the newer ZIL-157. So launcher module was simply relocated onto a new chassis.
BM-14MM
improved version, mounted on a ZIL-131 chassis. It appeared in the mid 1960s. This vehicle has better cross-country mobility due to a 150 hp engine and central tyre inflation system. Artillery module is exactly the same as used on the BM-14. This version was exported to Burkina Faso.
BM-14-17 (8U35)
17-round (8+9 launch tubes) launcher, mounted on the GAZ-63A. Developed in 1959. This launcher was also used on naval vessels, for example Project 1204 patrol boats.
BM-14-17M (8U35M)
modified model, mounted on the GAZ-66.
RPU-14 (8U38)
towed 16-round version, based on the carriage of the 85mm gun D-44 and used by Soviet Airborne Troops, where it was replaced by the 122mm BM-21V "Grad-V".
System
Alternative Designation
BM-14; BM-14-16
Type
Multiple Launch Rocket System
Caliber
140 mm
Manufacturer
NII 303
Crew
6 ea
Chassis
The launcher module is mounted on a modified ZIL-151 6x6 truck chassis
Displacement Time
INA
Emplacement Time
INA
Dimensions
Length
6.92 m
Width
2.3 m
Height
3.17 m
Weight, Combat
8.4 tons
Ground Clearance
0.27 m
Automotive
Engine Name
ZIL-121
Engine Type
6-cylinder petrol
Engine Power
92 hp
Fuel Capacity
300 Liters
Power-to-Weight Ratio
11.0 hp/t
Transmission
Manual, 5 forward, 1 reverse
Maximum Speed
60 km/h
Amphibious
No
Range
600 km
Gradient
50%
Vertical Obstacle
0.6 m
Fording
0.8 m
Trench
0.7 m
Main Weapon System
System
Name
INA
Type
Multiple Launch Rocket System
Caliber
140 mm
Number of Tubes
16 ea
Elevation
+50°/0°
Traverse
180°
Muzzle Velocity
400 m/s
Full Salvo Duration
7 - 10 seconds
Reloading Time
2 minutes
Maximum Firing Range
9.8 km
Ammunition
Name
M-140
Type
Rocket (HE-FRAG, Smoke, and Chemical)
Caliber
140 mm
Warhead Weight
18.4 kg
Rocket Weight
39.6 kg
Basic Load
16 ea
Note
The BM-14 launcher and its variants can fire 140mm rockets of the M-14-series (also called Soviet-made M14 artillery rockets). The M-14 series consist of three known types:
M-14-OF - an M-14 rocket with a high-explosive fragmentation warhead containing 3.68 kilograms (8.1 lb) of TNT;;
M-14-D - an M-14 rocket with a smoke warhead containing white phosphorus;
M-14-S - an M-14 rocket with a chemical warhead containing 2.2 kilograms (4.9 lb) of sarin.
Fire Control
Name
INA
Computerized FCS
No
Direct Fire
Yes
Indirect Fire
Yes
Protection
Hull Armor
All BM-14 launchers do not feature any protection from direct and indirect fire or NBC threats. The launcher is operated, fired and reloaded outside the vehicle.
Turret Armor
INA
Applique Armor
No
Explosive Reactive Armor
No
Active Protection System
No
Mine Clearing
No
Self-Entrenching Blade
No
NBC Protection
INA
Smoke Equipment
No
Details
Country of Origin
Russia
Category
Rocket Artillery Systems
Land > Artillery > Rocket Artillery Systems
Filter Label
B
Classification
Domain
Ground
Equipment Status
Active
Dimensions
Length
6.92 m
Width
2.3 m
Height
3.17 m
Weight
8400 kg
Operators (21)
Russia
China
Poland
North Korea
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Burkina Faso
Cambodia
Congo, Republic of the
Cuba
Egypt
Indonesia
Laos
Madagascar
Sudan
Syria
Vietnam
Yemen
Zimbabwe
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