Il-78MK

In 1987 the Soviet Union's Air Force introduced the first Il-78, NATO dubbed 'Midas', air-to-air refueling aircraft based on the Il-76MD military transport aircraft. The Il-78 features two internal fuel tanks that can removed reverting the tanker to the freighter role. The Il-78M is an improved version equipped with three permanent fuel tanks and aimed at refueling three aircraft using three hose drum units. Two hose drum units are located under each wing and the other one on the rear starboard fuselage. The Il-78MK was build on the Il-78M. The Il-78MK tanker can provide in-flight refueling of up to three different aircraft in adverse visibility conditions or at night. On the ground it is capable of refueling up to four aircraft. The Il-78MK can be re-configured to provide transport of cargoes, personnel and/or equipment. The Il-78MK is powered by four D-30KP turbofan engines. The IL-78MK-90 is a further version powered by more powerful PS-90A-76 turbofans, each rated at 35,000-lb, providing a maximum combined thrust of 140,000-lb at takeoff. The Il-78MK-90 adds two tons to the payload up to 50 tons and increases the cruise speed from 750 kph to 850 kph compared with the D-30KP powered Il-78MK. The landing run distance is shortened by 40 meters and can take off in 1,550 meters compared to 2,200 meters for the same aircraft powered by D-30KP engines.

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