Soyuz TMA-M

The Soyuz TMA-M is an upgraded version of Soyuz TMA slated to enter service after 2010 replacing its predecessor carrying out space manned flights in support of the Russian Federal Space Agency. The spaceship's construction process has been improved to make it easier to manufacture. The Soyuz TMA-M will feature digital interior displays and updated docking equipment as well as the ability to stay in space for one year compared to six months for the Soyuz TMA spacecraft as well as increased payload through mass reduction of the onboard systems. Three flights have been scheduled to validate the design of the new Soyuz starting on October 8, 2010 with a flight to the International Space Station (ISS). The first two flights are development tests with the third flight planned as a qualification test. The Soyuz TMA-M has replaced the onboard devices of guidance, navigation and control system (GN&CS) and onboard measurement system (OMS) by the devices developed on the basis of modern EEE parts and matured software. It also extends the functional capabilities of the vehicle with regard to the onboard system control from the onboard computers of GN&CS and provide deeper integration with the onboard computers of the International Space Station Russian Segment (ISS RS) when using a multiplex exchange channel. The electric power consumption has been also reduced dramatically. The temperature control equipment has also been updated. Externally, the new Soyuz keeps the same configuration of the TMA version. All in 36 obsolete devices were replaced by 19 new devices decreasing the vehicle's structure mass by 70 kg.

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