Basic Information

Name

T-80BK (Ob'yekt 660) Russian Main Battle Tank (MBT)

Designation

T-80B

Alternate Designation

T-80B

Equipment Type

Main Battle Tank (MBT)

Manufacturer

—

Date of Introduction

1978

Description

The T-80BK (Ob'yekt 660) Russian Main Battle Tank (MBT) is a further development of the original T-80, which was produced only in small numbers. The T-80B is the first variant produced in quantity. The T-80BK is the command variant of the T-80B. It is an MBT equipped with additional communications equipment allowing local control of armored units and coordination with the upper levels of C2.

Ground Specifications

Crew 3

Mobility Type Tracked

Engine Gas Turbine (1100 hp)

Armor The T-80BK is protected by a third iteration of Soviet laminate armor that is known as Combination K

Active Protection Arena

Max Speed 70.0 km/h

Range 335.0 km

Variants

T-80 (1976) Initial model, with a 1,000-hp gas turbine engine, coincidence rangefinder, and no missile capability. This model does not have fittings for explosive reactive armor. The turret is from the T-64A, and thus retains the use of the old coincidence rangefinder. Characteristics of this type are the V-shaped water deflector on the front glacis, coincidence rangefinder in front of the commander's cupola, and Luna searchlight mounted in the same position as a T-64. Around 250 were produced, as the tank's armor was essentially obsolete when introduced. Turret vs APFSDS – 380 mm, hull vs APFSDS – 500 mm (without reactive armor). This was, in effect, a pre-production model. It reportedly was fitted with an early version of the Shtora APS.

T-80BV (1985) T-80B with explosive reactive armour Kontakt-1.

T-80UM: Russian version, with new Buran thermal imaging sight in place of the Luna IR.

Object 219A: Early T-80U (Object 219AS) variant It has the T-80U's turret, but not the Kontakt-5 ERA. Instead, it uses the old Kontakt-1/3 system; some 219As did not have ERA at all. Often misnamed T-80A. T-80U (1985): Further development with a better turret, Kontakt-5 explosive reactive armor, improved gunsight, and 9M119 Svir missile system. In 1990 a new, 1,250-hp, engine was installed. Overall protection with Kontakt-5 against APFSDS/HEAT is 780/1,320 mm RHAe.9K119M with antitank guided missile 9M119M installed since 1990. Some of the tanks in the commander version (T-80UK) are equipped with Shtora-1 APS, and thermal imaging night sight TO1-PO2T (detection range/target classification range = 6,400/4,600 meters at night). The basic thermal night sight of the T-80U is within the limits of 1,750/1,500 meters.

T-80UD Bereza (1987) Ukrainian diesel version with 1,000-hp 6TD engine and remote-controlled antiaircraft machine gun.

T-84 (1999) Further Ukrainian development of T-80UD with 1,200-hp diesel and new welded turret.

T-80BVD (2002): KMDB's upgrade standard for Ukrainian T-80BVs. Changes include the 6TD diesel engine, remote-controlled commander's machine gun, and better optics. None were produced.

T-80UM2/Black Eagle (prototype: cancelled): Several Russian prototypes were shown at trade shows, with a longer chassis and extra pair of road wheels, and very a large turret with a separate ammunition compartment.

T-80BVM (2017) up to 3,000 units, installed "Relikt" ERA, PNM Sosna-U gunner sight (as in the T-90, T-72B3), the improved 125mm gun 2A46M-4, the upgraded gas turbine engine, and the upgrades of various other systems. More than 120 are already in the service.

System

Alternative Designation T-80B

Type Main Battle Tank

Family T-80 Series

Crew 3 ea

Maximum Effective Range (Road) 335 km

Driver's Vision Blocks 3 ea

Navigation System Yes, The T-80BK has land navigation system, which allows the COmmander of a unit to navigate effectively.

Note The T-80BK is the command variant of the T-80B. It is an MBT equipped with additional communications equipment allowing local control of armoured units and coordination with the upper levels of C2.

Dimensions

Length (Gun Forward) 9.65 m

length (Hull) 6.98 m

Width 3.58 m

Height 2.22 m

Weight, Combat 43.7 tons

Ground Pressure INA

Automotive

Engine Name GTD-1000T

Engine Type Gas turbine engine

Engine Power 1,100 hp

Power to Weight Ratio 25.8 hp/ton

Range 335 km

Speed, Maximum Road 70 km/h

Speed, Average Cross 55 km/h

Speed Maximum Swim Not Amphibious

Gradient 60 %

Side Slope 40 %

Vertical Step 1.0 m

Trench 2.85 m

Fording Depth (No Preparation) 1.8 m

Fording Depth (With Preparation) 5.0 m

Cold Start Ability Yes

Deep Water Snorkel Available

Communications

Note 1: The T-80BK carries additional long-range radios for reconnaissance. Additionally, the T-80BK has a taller radio mast for C2 of local units.

Note 2: There is no information on the upgrade of Radio/Communication Equipment on the T-80B, but the R-173 and the Receiver R-174/GRR-5 are the standard Radios/Receivers on the T-80B.

R-173

Frequency Range 30.00 - 75.99 MHz

HF Output 30 W

Modulation FM

Display Digitial

Entry of Frequency Keypad

Present Channels 10

Digital Transmition INA KBaud

Sensitivity 1.5 uV

Range 50 km

Operational Voltage 27+-2 V

Weight 43 kg

Size 428 × 222 × 238 mm

Receiver R-174/GRR-5

Main Principle Superhet with RF-stage; ZF/IF 455 kHz; 2 AF stage(s)

Wave Bands Wave Bands given in the notes.

Loudspeaker Permanent Magnet Dynamic (PDyn) Loudspeaker (moving coil)

Dimensions (WHD) 307 x 335 x 206 mm

Net Weight 27.7 kg

Note Receiver for mobile purposes, 1.5 - 18 MHz in four ranges, AM/CW (BFO), 200 kHz xtal calibrator. Set compartment (CY-615/URR) consists of two chassis: model R-174/GRR-5 receiver and model PP-308/URR power supply plus speaker unit. Tubes only one times listed.

Main Gun

System

Name 1 x L48 2A46M-1 Smoothbore Cannon

Type Smoothbore Gun

Caliber 125 mm

Manufacturer Spetstekhnika Design Bureau

Max Rate of Fire 6-8 rds/min

Maximum Range 4,000 m

Manually Load Time 1-2 rds/min

Maximum Elevation +14 deg

Minimum Elevation -5 deg

Traverse Range 360 deg

Autoloader Yes, Carousel-Type Autoloader

Fire on the Move Yes, Main Gun

Evacuator Type Central Bore

Thermal Sleeve Yes

Barrel effective Full Life Charge 800 rds

Breech Mechanism Semi-automatic horizontal sliding breech block

Mazimum Pressure 5,100 bar

Loading System Korzina electric and hydraulic automatic loading system

Carousel Reloading Time 13-15 minutes

Note The L48 2A46M-1 It has been extensively developed into 10 different variations and remains the primary armament of Russian frontline tanks.

Ammunition (Option 1)

Type High Explosives (HE)

Caliber 125 mm

Muzzle Velocity 850 m/s

Maximum Effective Range 5,000 m

Armor Penetration INA

Max Dispersion 0.23 mrad

Tungsten Rods 450 ea

Charge A-IX-2 (73% RDX, 23% aluminium powder, phlegmatized with 4% wax) 3.0 kg

Projectile Weight 23 kg

Round Weight 33 kg

Basic Load 36 total rounds of any 125mm Russian Projectiles

Variants 3VOF22/3OF19, 3VOF36/3OF26, 3VOF128/3OF82

Ammunition (Option 2)

Type Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS)

Caliber 125 mm

Muzzle Velocity 2,050 m/s

Effective Range 2,000-3,000 m

Armor Penetration 1,000 mm

Muzzle Energy 15-24 MJ

Projectile Weight 11 kg

Projectile Dimesnion 900 mm

Basic Load 36 total rounds of any 125mm Russian Projectiles

Variants 1.1 3VBM3/3BM9/10 1.2 3VBM6/3BM12/13 1.3 3VBM7/3BM15/16 1.4 3VBM8/3BM17/18 1.5 3VBM9/3BM22/23 1.6 3VBM10/3BM29/30 1.7 3VBM11/3BM26/27 1.8 3VBM13/3BM32/33 1.9 3VBM17/3BM42 (3BM44 "Mango") 1.10 3VBM19/3BM42M (3BM44M "Lekalo") 1.11 3VBM20/3BM46 (3BM48 "Svinets") 1.12 3VBM22/3BM59 (3BM59 "Svinets-1") 1.13 3VBM23/3BM60 (3BM60 "Svinets-2") 1.14 3VBM?/3BM69 "Vacuum-1" 1.15 3VBM?/3BM70 "Vacuum-2"

Note Entered service in 2005[5] Utilising a new sabot. Reported to be uranium alloy. For 2A82/2A82-1M cannon on T-80UM-2/T-14s.

Ammunition (Option 3)

Name 3VBK27/3BK31 "Start"

Type High-Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT)

Caliber 125 mm

Basic Load 36 total rounds of any 125mm Russian Projectiles

Muzzle Velocity 915 m/s

Max Dispersion INA

Maximum Effective Range 3,000 m

Charge INA

Charge Weight 1.62 kg

Projectile Weight 18.4 kg

Armor Penetration Estimated at 800 mm triple charge HEAT

Variants 3VBK7/3BK12, 3VBK10/3BK14, 3BK12M, 3BK14M, 3VBK16/3BK18, 3BK18M, 3VBK17/3BK21, 3BK21B, 3VBK21/3BK25, 3VBK25/3BK29 "Breyk", 3VBK25M/3BK29M

Anti-Tank Guided Missile

Note: The T-80BK is unable is incapable of firing a 9K112 Kobra Missile due to the increased Communication/Radio gear stored onboard.

Tank Commander’s Weapon System

System

Name 1 x NSV (Russian НСВ Никитина-Соколова-Волкова) 12.7mm Heavy Machine Gun

Type Heavy Machine Gun

Caliber 12.7 mm

Manufacturer "Metallist", Uralsk, Kazakh SSR, Crvena ZastavaSerbia

Weight (Gun Only) 25 kg

Muzzle Velocity 845 m/s

Max Rate of Fire 700-800 rds/min

Weight (On Tripod) 41 kg

Weight (50-Round Belt) 11 kg

Length (Total) 1,560 mm

Action Gas Operated

Feed System 50-Round Belt

Sights Iron Sights

Ammunition

Type Rifle

Caliber 12.7 mm

Cartridge 12.7×108mm

Muzzle Velocity 845 m/s

Effective Firing Range (vs. Air Targets) 1,500 m

Effective Firing Range (vs. Ground Targets) 2,000 m

Basic Load 500 ea

Coaxial Weapons System

System

Name 1 x PK (Kalashnikov's Machine Gun) 7.62mm General-Purpose Machine Gun

Type General-Purpose Machine Gun

Caliber 7.62 mm

Manufacturer Degtyaryov plant

In Service 1961-present

Proliferation 1 Million +

Max Rate of Fire 650 rds/min

Weight (Gun Only) 9 kg

Weight (Tripod Only) 7.7 kg

Length (Total) 1,203 mm

Length (Barrel) 605 mm

Action Gas-operated, open bolt

Feed System Non-disintegrating metal 50 round belts in 100 and 200/250 round ammunition boxes

Sights Tangent iron sights (default); Optical, Night-vision, Thermal and Radar sights

Ammunition

Type Rifle

Caliber 7.62 mm

Cartridge 7.62×54mmR

Muzzle Velocity 825 m/s

Effective Range (Iron Sights) 1,000 m

Effective Range (With Sight Adjustments) 100-1,500 m

Basic Load 1,250 ea

Fire Control

Name 1A33 FCS

Computerized FCS Yes

Thermal Sight Tank Commander Yes, the T01-KOIR

Commander Day Mode Sight 10⁰ FOV and ×5 magnification

Thermal Sight Gunner Yes

Main Gun Stabilization Yes, 2E26M electro-hydraulic dual plane stabilisation system

Main Gun Stabilization Deployment Time 2 minutes

Range, Day Sight 1,000 m

Range, Thermal Sight 2,600 m

IR Searchlight Yes, L-4A "Luna" IR Searchlight

TNPO-160 Periscopes 2 ea

TNPA-65 Periscopes 2 ea

Protection

Hull Armor 440–450 mm

Armor Type The T-80BK is protected by a third iteration of Soviet laminate armor that is known as Combination K

Turret Armor Protection equivalent to 550 mm

Applique Armor Yes, Hull side; track skirts

Explosive Reactive Armor Yes, Kontakt-1 System

Active Protection System Arena Available

Mine Clearing Roller-plow available

Self-Entrenching Blade Yes

NBC Protection Yes, ZETS-11-2 detection system collective overpressure system

Smoke Equipment Yes, two banks of four 81 mm Toucha 902B grenade launchers that fire the ZD-6 smoke grenade

Smoke Grenade Range 250-300 m

Smoke Screen 30 m wide and 10 m high for 60 seconds per grenade.

IR Signature The exhaust is box-shaped and designed to direct heat away from the tank

Anti-Radiation Material Installed as a inside protective layer

Personal Breathing Apparatus Equipment

Automatic Fire Extinguisher System Yes

Image Sources

Notes https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:T-80U_-_TankBiathlon2013-21.jpg;