JRTC VISMOD: 2S6M Tunguska-M Russian 30mm Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft System
2K22M, Tunguska-M
Tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon armed with a anti-aircraft gun and missile system.
Other
Basic Information
Name
JRTC VISMOD: 2S6M Tunguska-M Russian 30mm Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft System
Designation
2K22M, Tunguska-M
Alternate Designation
2K22M, Tunguska-M
Equipment Type
Tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon armed with a anti-aircraft gun and missile system.
Manufacturer
—
Date of Introduction
1990
Description
The 2S6 Tunguska 2K22 (NATO code SA-19 Grison) is a Russian-made self-propelled air defense system which combines gun and missile armament. The development of the 2S6 Tunguska began in 1970 after a request by the Russian army for a new self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon system to replace the old ZSU-23-4 self-propelled anti-aircraft gun. The first version entered service in 1986 and had four missiles, two either side, in the ready to launch position. The second version to enter service with the Russian army, and the current production model vehicle, is designated the 2S6M or 2K22M, has eight missiles, four to each side of the turret. The Tunguska vehicle uses a tracked chassis GM-352M which is also used for the ground-to-air missile system Buk-M1 SA-11 Gadfly. A typical 2K22/2K22M battery would consist of six 2S6/2S6M self-propelled air defense vehicles, six reload vehicles and associated support and maintenance vehicles. The 2S6 Tunguska is intended to protect tank and motorized units from low-flying aircraft and helicopters, some types of cruise-missile, as well as to engage light armor ground targets and manpower of the enemy.
Ground Specifications
Crew
4
Engine
V-12 Turbocharged Diesel (780 hp)
Active Protection
None
NBC Protection
Yes
Variants
2S6M1
Digital interface Ranzhir automated command-and-control system, new fire control system, new missile 9M311M with a maximum range of 10 km. Existing 2S6M Tunguska will be gradually upgraded to the new standard.
System
Alternative Designation
2K22M, Tunguska-M
Type
tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon armed with a surface-to-air gun and missile system.
Family
2K22 Tunguska
Crew
4 ea
Chassis
GM-352M tracked vehicle
Displacement Time
INA
Emplacement Time
INA
Dimensions
Length
7.93 m
Width
3.24 m
Height, Radar Up
4.02 m
Height, Radar Down
3.36 m
Weight, Combat
34 mt
Automotive
Engine Name
V-46-4
Engine Type
Water-cooled V-12 turbocharged 4-cycle diesel
Engine Power
780 hp
Cruising Range
500 km
Speed, Maximum Road
65 km/h
Speed, Average Cross
INA
Speed Maximum Swim
Not Amphibious
Fording Depth
0.8 m
Obstacle Clearance, Vertical
1 m
Obstacle Clearance, Horizontal
2 m
Gradient
60 %
Side Slope
30 %
Communications
Tactical Radio
R-173
Main Weapon System
System
Name
Shipunov 2A38M
Type
Soviet/Russian 30 mm auto-cannon
Caliber
30 mm
Length
3.027 m
Barrel Length
2,416 mm
Barrels
1 ea
Weight
115 kg
Action
Gas-operated
Rate of Fire, Low
200 to 300 rds/min
Rate of Fire, High
550-800 rds/min
Maximum Effective Firing Range
4,000 m
Effective Firing Range
2,000 m
Feed System
Twin Feed
Reload Time
Gun ammunition and missiles in about 16 min
Maximum Elevation
+87 deg
Minimum Elevation
-10 deg
Fire on the Move
Yes
Ammunition
Type
Rifle, Autocannon
Caliber
30 mm
Cartridge
30 Ã 165 mm
Muzzle Velocity
960 m/s
Maximum Range
4,000 m
Minimum Range
200 m
Maximum Altitude
3,000 m
Basic Load
INA
Ammo Types
AP-T, Frag-T, HE-I
Missile System
System
Name
SA-19/GRISON
Length
2.83 m
Weight in Container
57 kg
Guidance System
SACLOS
Maximum Effective Range
8,000-10,000 m
Minimum Effective Range
2,500 m
Speed
600-900 m/s
Tracking Rate
INA
Warhead Type
Frag-HE
Warhead Weight
9 kg
Fuze Type
Proximity
Self Destruct
INA
System Reaction Time
6-12 sec
Fire on the Move
No (must be at a halt to fire the missile)
Fire Control
FCS Name
INA
Computerized FCS
Yes
IFF
Yes, IFF system (1RL138), operating in C-and D-band
Direct-view Optics (DVO)
Yes
Rangefinder
Laser
Radar System, 1RL144M
Note
The HOT SHOT radar system, which consists of a surveillance radar with a maximum range of 18 km, and a tracking radar with a maximum range of 13 km
Radar 1 (Detection)
Name
1RL144 Radar
Type
Detection Radar
Function
This radar provides primary search capability in addition to measurement of range and bearing
Frequency/Band
E-band
Maximum Range
18 km
Antenna Location
Antenna is mounted at the rear of the turret and is folded down when not in use
Antenna Rotation
The antenna rotates at approximately 1 r/s, which gives a rapid update of the airspace around the 2S6M
Fan Beam
The TAR emits a fan beam covering 4.50 in azimuth and 150 in elevation. The beam is pointed at a constant elevation of 7.50 to permit detection of low-altitude targets.
Radar 2 (Tracking)
Name
1RL144M
Type
Target Tracking Radar (TTR)
Function
The tracking radar constantly relays target range, elevation and bearing to the fire-control computer, and on the basis if these data the computer generated the laying commands for the weapon system.
Frequency/Band
J-band
Maximum Range
16 km
Antenna Location
Antenna is mounted at the front section of the turret and has two fundamental functions that depend on whether the guns or missiles are selected.
Optical Sight
A stabilized optical sight is used as a back up tracking channel, allowing target data to be relayed to the fire-control computer. This sight is also used to calculate the deviation of a missile's flight path from the line-of-sight, these data being automatically relayed to the fire control computer and used to generate correction signals.
Gun Engagement
During a gun engagement, the TTR functions as an automatic target tracker, feeding target position data to the fire-control computer.
Missile Engagement
During missile engagement, the tracking radar locks onto the target and then lays the optical sight on the target. Subsequently the gunner assumes the target-tracking function with the electro-optic sight, and the radar is used for relaying guidance commands to the SA-19 missile.
Protection
Hull Armor
Welded steel
Turret Armor
Welded steel
Applique Armor
INA
Explosive Reactive Armor
No
Active Protection System
No
Mine Clearing
No
Self-Entrenching Blade
No
NBC Protection
Yes
Smoke Equipment
INA
Details
Country of Origin
Other
Category
Land
Land
Filter Label
J
Classification
Domain
Ground
Equipment Status
Active
Dimensions
Length
7.93 m
Width
3.24 m
Height
—
Weight
34000 kg
Documents & Files (2)
Operators (1)
Russia
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