ChangZheng 5

The ChangZheng 5, also known as CZ-5 or Long March 5 in the West, is a family of heavy-lift space launch systems being developed by China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT) with an anticipated initial operational capability by 2014. The aim of this new space launch vehicle is to replace the current CZ-2, CZ-3 and CZ-4 space launch vehicles carrying out manned and unmanned missions placing into orbit a wide range of satellites and spacecrafts as well as supporting lunar exploration missions. The CZ-5 rocket, which is similar to the French Airane 5 space launch vehicle, will be able to put larger reconnaissance satellites into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) or communications satellites into Geosynchronous Orbits (GEO) compared to its predecessors. The People's Republic of China (PRC) authorities announced the CZ-5 next-generation space launch vehicle program in 2007 but the development program was started until 2000. In 2008, China was constructing a new launch complex on Hainan Island that will support its new space launch vehicle. The CZ-5 rocket will have much lower poisoning gas emission as well as better reliability compared to existing ChangZheng rockets. The rocket main engine will use a combination of Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and Kerosene or Liquid Hydrogen (LH2). The CZ-5 space launch vehicle family is expected to encompass at least six variants: CZ-5A, CZ-5B, CZ-5C, CZ-5D, CZ-5E and CZ-5F. The CZ-5 rockets intended to place payloads into LEO don't have the upper stage which is only available for GEO rockets. The A, B and C LEO rockets can lift 18,000, 25,000 and 10,000 kg payloads respectively. While the D, E and F GEO rockets can place into orbit payloads of 10,000, 14,000 and 6,000 kg respectively. The ChangZheng 5 modular design consists of three different core stages/boosters with a diameter of 5, 3.35 and 2.25 meters with the 3.35 and 2.25-meter stages acting as strap-on boosters. The 5-meter first stage is powered by two 50t YF-77 engines using LOX/LH2 propellant along four 3.35 or 2.25 meters strap-on boosters. The 3.35-meter stage/booster consists of two 120t thrust YF-100 engines that burn LOX/Kerosene propellant. The 2.25 stage/booster uses only one YF-100 engine. The CZ-5 upper stage is powered by a YF-75D rocket engine burning LOX/LH2 propellant. A and D models primary stages are fitted with two 3.35-meter and two 2.25 meters strap-on boosters. B and E models are fitted with four 3.35-m strap-on boosters. C and F variants primary stages are fitted with four 2.25-m strap-on boosters.

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