Type 81

The Type 81, also known as SAM-1 and SAM-1C, is a short-range surface-to-air missile developed by Toshiba for the Japan Defense Agency (JDA). The SAM-1 is fitted with an infrared radar seeker and was fielded with the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF), Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) and Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF). The SAM-1C is an improved version with a more complex guidance system and slightly longer airframe. The SAM-1C guidance system combines target imagery with an infrared and radar homing heads. The Type 81 missile was designed for integration onto ground-based and sea-based platforms. The JGSDF is the only operator of the improved SAM-1C missile which has been integrated onto wheeled chassis. The missiles are mounted on a rotating turret on two launching ramps. The SAM-1C is capable of engaging two different airborne targets simultaneously and features improved performance in heavy clutter and countermeasures environments than SAM-1.

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